The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools

The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you passionate about law and preventing crime?Curious about how punishment and prisons work? Then a criminal justice degreewould probably be a good fitfor you. But how can you find good criminal justice schools to apply to? In this article, we go over what criminal justice schools are, why people choose to earn degrees in the field, and how you can learn to identify top criminal justice schools, both in-person and online. We then give you a list of our picks for the nine best criminal justice schools. What Is Criminal Justice? Overview Before we look at the best criminal justice schools, let’s go over what exactly the criminal justice field entails. Criminal justice is the study of the criminal justice system, which includes law enforcement, correctional facilities and institutions (e.g., jails, prisons, and juvenile detention centers), criminal courts, and all the roles within these systems. Criminal justice degrees differ from degrees in criminology. Criminology is a social/behavioral science that focuses on the scientific study of delinquency and crime,including why people commit crimes and how we might be able to prevent them. On the other hand, criminal justice focuses more on the practical side, including what types of crimes take place, how courts and prisons work, the role of the police, etc. Despite the differences between these two fields, there's often some overlapin terms of topics and courses. Some schools offer degrees that combine both criminal justice and criminology. For example, the University of Missouri- St. Louis offersa BS in Criminology and Criminal Justice. What Are Criminal Justice Schools? For the sake of this article, we'll be defining criminal justice schools as any institutions that offer a criminal justice degree program (and usually a criminal justice department or college). You can look for criminal justice schools in a specific area of the US using the website All Criminal Justice Schools. Just type inyour zip codeto get a list of schoolsthat have criminal justice degrees. Alternatively, you can browse criminal justice schools by state onCriminal Justice Degree Schools. Criminal justice schools generally offer a mix of criminal justice degrees, which can include certificates/diplomas, associate degrees, bachelor's degrees, master’s degrees, and doctorates in criminal justice or a related field. Many criminal justice schools also have the option to earn a degree in criminal justice entirely online. This can be convenient for those who find it difficult to attend classes in-person and who would prefer the flexibility of an online program. So what exactly do you learn in a criminal justice program? You’ll usually cover topics that span the broader fields of sociology, psychology, political science, philosophy, and public administration. Most criminal justice programs require you to take classes on the American legal system, judicial administration, the police, legal issues, ethical concerns, and juvenile delinquency. Many criminal justice majors move on to a career in law enforcement. Why Go to a Criminal Justice School? Many people choose to attend criminal justice schools to not only learn about the criminal justice system, but to also get a job that utilizes the knowledge and skills they’ve acquired in their degree program. A degree in criminal justice can help prepare you for any of the following jobs: Bailiff CIA agent Correctional officer Crime scene investigator DEA agent FBI agent Fraud investigator Police officer Private detective Probation officer Secret Service agent Security guard State trooper Though many of these jobs require just a high school diploma, having an associate or bachelor's degree in criminal justice could help you stand out from candidates and raise your potential for higher wages and promotions. Moreover, some people get a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice to lay the foundation for getting a graduate degree in a related field such aslaw. The following tabledepictsthe median salaries for various criminal justice-related jobs, along with each job's minimum required degree and employment growth rate for the years 2016-2026. Data comes from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Jobs are arranged from highest salary to lowest. Note that theaverage employment growth rate is 7% for all jobs,so any job that has a rate higher than this is growing faster than average. Job Title Minimum Degree Required Median Salary (2018) Job Outlook (2016-2026) Lawyers Doctoral or professional degree $120,910 8% Sociologists Master’s or doctoral degree $82,050 1% Police and Detectives High school diploma or college degree $63,380 7% Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary Master’s or doctoral degree $61,900 15% (all postsecondary teachers) Forensic Science Technicians Bachelor’s degree $58,230 17% Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists Bachelor’s degree $53,020 6% Private Detectives and Investigators High school diploma $50,090 11% Correctional Officers and Bailiffs High school diploma $44,400 -7% Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers High school diploma $28,530 6% As you can see above, generally speaking, the more education you have, the higher the salary you’re likely to earn. This isn’t just true for the criminal justice field but for all fields. According to a BLS report, there's a clear trend with grad-degree holders making more money on average than bachelor's and associate degree holders. Furthermore, bachelor’s and associate degree holders typically make more than those with only a high school diploma. Which Criminal Justice Schools Should You Apply To? Now that we’ve gone over what kinds of jobs you can get with a criminal justice degree, let’s take a look at how you can figure out which criminal justice schools and programs are top-quality. A great criminal justice school will have most or all of the following qualities: A department or college specializing in criminal justice or criminology A variety of criminal justice-related classes Faculty with expertise in criminal justice and related topics, such as sociology and psychology A high graduation rate Professional and/or research opportunities Generally speaking, there is no notable difference in quality between a traditional in-person criminal justice program and an online one. If you prefer the idea of earning your bachelor’s or master’s degree online, (accredited!) criminal justice online schools can be a great choice. I suggest browsing the US News list of the best graduate online criminal justice programs to get a feel for what schools offer strong online programs. Most high-quality criminal justice schools offer equally high-quality online programs. These can be either bachelor’s or master’s programs. Note that you cannot earn a doctorate through criminal justice online schools. Any school offering this option is most likely a scam and won’t actually reward you with a legitimate doctorate. If you decide to get your criminal justice degree online, great! Just be aware that there are a few disadvantages to doing so. For one, you likely won’t get to network as much with professors and students as you would with a traditional program. Secondly, some employers might look down on an online degree (though this really depends on the employer- most should not care how you got your degree as long as it’s legitimate!). Overall, there are a lot of factors that go into picking the right criminal justice program for you.Now, let’s take a look at the best criminal justice schools, both in-person and online. The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools, In-Person and Online There are many criminal justice schools in the US, both in-person and online. But which ones are the best? We’ve looked through several rankings lists of the best criminal justice schools to come up with our own list below ofnine top criminal justice schools. These criminal justice schools were judged primarily on the following factors: Rankings of traditional and online programs by websites such as Niche and US News Overall program/school reputation and prestige Whether or not the school has a dedicated department or school to criminal justice studies Diversity of majors and courses offered in criminal justice and related fields Breadth of faculty's areas of expertise Note that the nine criminal justice schools below are not listed in any particular order. Also, these schools include grad programs as well as online programs in criminal justice and related fields. CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice- New York, NY A premier criminal justice school, the CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice is home to 13,000 undergraduates, 41% of whom are majoring in criminal justice. Other popular majors include criminology and forensic psychology. John Jay offers many criminal justice majors,with concentrationsranging from crime control and prevention to theory and practice. Moreover, several criminal justice graduate programs are available.At the master's level, you can study criminal justice, international crime and justice, and forensic psychology, among several other related programs. At the doctoral level, your options arecriminal justice or psychology. Lastly, John Jay Online- the college’s distance-learning branch- allows you to earnan MA in either Criminal Justice or International Crime and Justice entirely online. Northeastern University- Boston, MA Established in 1967, Northeastern’s School of Criminology and Criminal Justice is a top institution for criminal justice studies. Here, students get the benefit of smaller-sized classes and have the opportunity to work directly with faculty on research projects. Professors specialize in a variety of criminal justice-related topics, from criminal law and terrorism to trafficking, juvenile justice, and incarceration. What's more, the interdisciplinary array of majors and minors allows you to combine criminal justice withother fieldssuch as computer science, psychology, cybersecurity, and political science. The school offersa criminal justice student advisory council and honor society, as well as a variety ofcriminal justice MS, JD, and PhD programs. Pennsylvania State University- University Park, PA Penn State’s Department of Sociology and Criminologyis home toone of the best criminology programs in the country (ranked #5 by US News). With this highly ranked bachelor’s program, you’ll learn everything there is to know for launching a career in criminal justice. Topics of study fall more along the lines of sociology, including why people commit crimes, the criminal justice system, and social research methods. There are two options for majors at this school: BA in Criminology, which focuses on providing students withabroad liberal arts education BS in Criminology, which helps students develop stronger science and research skills If you would prefer to major in criminal justice specifically, Penn State offers atop-ranked online Criminal Justice BS program. With this program, you’ll not only study criminology but also ethics, law, policing, alternatives to incarceration, and security. Michigan State University (Jeffness/Wikimedia Commons) Michigan State University - East Lansing, MI Another well-regardedcriminal justice school, MSU’s School of Criminal Justicegives students the option to earn a BS in Criminal Justice. This bachelor's program offers an impressive breadth of classesin topics such as criminology, investigation procedure, policing, juvenile justice, private security, corrections, violence against women, and cyber-crime. MSU also offers four study abroad programs- specificallyfor criminal justice students- in the Caribbean, Australia, Madagascar, and the Philippines. In terms of graduate study, your options include two master’s programs (in either criminal justice or forensic science) and acriminal justice doctoral program.You could alsoenroll in MSU’s online criminal justice master’s program, which is ranked #10 by US News on its online graduate criminal justice programs list. University of Cincinnati- Cincinnati, OH At UC’s School of Criminal Justice, you can major/minor in criminal justice or paralegal studies. The former is an interdisciplinary program that prepares students to work as court administrators, parole officers, criminal investigators, risk managers,etc. It isalso available entirely online, so if you can’t make it to campus, you’re in luck! In addition to these two undergraduate majors, certificates are available in the more specialized areas offorensic populations, cybersecurity, and correctional rehabilitation. UC also offersa master’s (in-person or online) and a doctoral program in criminal justice.UC is currently ranked #8 by US News for best online graduate criminal justice programs. University of California, Irvine- Irvine, CA UC Irvine’s Department of Criminology, Law, and Society offers prestigious undergraduate and graduate criminal justice programs that consistently top US News ranking lists (including Best Online Graduate Criminal Justice Programs, on which UCI is currently ranked #2). The interdisciplinary department is the only criminology department among the UC schools, and it combines the study of criminology with law and society. The faculty here specializes inan array of subject areas, including psychology and law, race and justice, and gangs and crime. The bachelor’s program in criminology, law, and society offers classes that cover a multitude of topics, such as social media and law, juvenile delinquency, law and inequality, gender and social control, and immigration and crime. It also stresses the importance of field study, often placing students in police departments, probation agencies, and public defenders’ offices. Lastly, UCI offers a doctoral program in criminology, law, and society, as well as two online master’s programs: a Master of Advanced Study in Criminology, Law, and Society; and a Master of Legal and Forensic Psychology. Sam Houston State University (J. Stephen Conn/Flickr) Sam Houston State University- Huntsville, TX Located about an hour north of Houston, Sam Houston’s College of Criminal Justice offers a large array of criminal justice courses (both in-person and online), the opportunity to study at local research institutes, and numerous criminal justice scholarships. The school has tons of undergraduate and graduate degree programs,including the following: BA/BS in Criminal Justice BA/BS in Victim Studies MA/MS in Criminal Justice MS in Forensic Science PhD in Criminal Justice You can also earn your degree online here.Criminal justice programs offered online include the BA/BS in Criminal Justice, MS in Criminal Justice, and MS in Homeland Security Management. Sam Houston is currentlyranked #3 by US Newsfor its online graduate criminal justice programs. Florida State University - Tallahassee, FL The Florida State College of Criminology and Criminal Justice is home toexcellentcriminology and criminal justice programs.Currently,FSUis ranked #6 by US News for its online graduate criminal justice programs and #5 on the list ofbest criminology schools. FSUprovides students withnumerous opportunities for real-world research through its Center for Criminology and Public Policy Research. It also works in association with the Pat Thomas Law Enforcement Academy so that students interested in becoming police officers can earn their State Officer Certifications along with their degrees. Here, you can earn a bachelor’s in criminology and criminal justice in either a traditional or online program. Master’s and doctoral degrees in criminology and criminal justice are offered too; these include a fully online master’s and a one-year MS in Criminology. University of Maryland- College Park, MD Home to the #1 ranked criminology program in the nation, UMD’s Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice is a fantastic choice for a criminal justice education. In the BA in Criminology and Criminal Justice program, students take a variety of classes, covering topics such as corrections, policing, courts and sentences, and criminological theory. UMD's master’s degree program prepares students for careers in private non-profit agencies, the government, and research institutes, while its PhD program aims to help students become criminal justice scholars and teachers. Conclusion: The Best Criminal Justice Schools Criminal justice is a popular field of study because it can open up doors to a variety of jobs in law, government, security, etc. While similar to criminology, criminal justice is more about the study of the criminal justice system itself and less about why people commit crimes. Criminal justice schools are any schools that offer a criminal justice major- and better yet, a criminal justice department or school. There are many kinds of criminal justice degrees, from associate degrees to doctorates. You can also study an array of related fields at criminal justice schools, such as criminology, criminal law, forensic science, sociology, and paralegal studies. The best criminal justice schools will have a dedicated criminal justice department, lots of criminal justice-related courses, and stellar faculty.Furthermore,criminal justice online schools can be just as good as, if not better than, traditional criminal justice schools.Soif you’d rather earn your degree online, there are plenty of options out there! Afterresearching dozens of colleges,we came up with a list of the nine best criminal justice schools. These schools are excellent options forall types of students, whether you would rather earn a bachelor’s degree or a graduate degree, or prefer to study online over in-person. In no particular order, here again are the nine best criminal justice schools: CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice Northeastern University Pennsylvania State University Michigan State University University of Cincinnati University of California, Irvine Sam Houston State University Florida State University University of Maryland No matter which of these schools you end up going to, you're sure to get an amazing criminal justice education! What’s Next? Lots of people who study criminal justice go into criminal law. Get the rundown ofhow pre-law works and what you can do to prepare for law school, one step at a time. Want more lists of the best schools and programs?Then check outthebestpre-med schools, the best graphic design schools, and the best architecture schools.

Emergency Preparedness in US Prisons and Public-Private Partnerships Research Paper

Emergency Preparedness in US Prisons and Public-Private Partnerships - Research Paper Example It is therefore imperative that US prisons partners with private partners to increase and improve emergency preparedness. 3 This research paper identifies and analyses the special emergency risks associated with US prison systems, its current emergency preparedness regime and the philosophical underpinnings that drive the existing emergency preparedness regime. Finally, and more importantly, this paper investigates the utility of public/private partnerships for improving upon US prisons’ emergency preparedness systems. 3 Emergencies are difficult to predict and even where they are predicted, the outcomes can rarely be precisely anticipated. Prisoners in particular are a unique problem for prison staff in that prisons are already on high alert for prison-like emergencies such as riots, hostage situations, and more importantly prison escapes. Complicating matters for prisons, overcrowding adds a new set of risks that can lead to new emergencies or exacerbate existing emergencies. This is particularly so because the ratio of prison staff to prisoners is entirely unsafe and unsatisfactory. It is therefore imperative that US prisons partners with private partners to increase and improve emergency preparedness. This research paper identifies and analyses the special emergency risks associated with US prison systems, its current emergency preparedness regime and the philosophical underpinnings that drive the existing emergency preparedness regime. Finally, and more importantly, this paper investigates the utility of public/private partnerships for improving upon US prisons’ emergency preparedness systems. In the last decade, the US experienced a number of man-made and natural disasters ranging from the terrorist attacks in 2001, successive hurricanes in Florida in 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005. As a result, the American public has grown to expect more of emergency preparedness systems (Kapucu & VanWart, 2006). It is hardly surprising that

The Role of E-Learning In Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Role of E-Learning In Education - Essay Example The starting point or etymology of e-learning is contested, with e-letter not necessarily meaning electronic as per the cases of e-mail or e-business and between 1998 and 2000, e-learning became initially attached to either a distance learning system or it was used surprisingly at the CBT service gatherings or rather seminars and since then the terminology has been used broadly to refer to the use of online services or education system which is vital. It is clear that in some countries there are rules and regulations regarding this field of education. As per the scholars, a great number of universities in Europe have adopted the e-learning system and also they have included them as a part of their school curriculum. The e-book article shows clearly that e-learning processes are encouraged by the accessibility of free materials for documentation hence the universities have felt that it was more or less a better source of concentrating on materials since they simply need to provide con nection to the internet for students to access the advanced campuses (Brigitte et al. 2006, p. 11). This source is reliable to me since it gives vivid and detailed information on that; it is simple to understand the crucial arguments and the main ideas. The source is also loaded with a considerable measure of crucial information concerning the research theme mentioned above. Some courses, for example, the general courses in relational abilities and HIV AIDS aptitudes are exclusively being offered through the e-learning projects. Some years back, e-learning received an awful perspective, as numerous people had that perspective that allowing computers into the classrooms would eradicate that human element that learners need to acquire from their teachers, however as time has gone by, technology has progressed, and nowadays we accepted and support the use of smartphones in the classrooms and as well utilizing a wealth of interactive designs that makes distance learning engaging for the users, as well as valuable  as a lesson delivery medium.

Why You Take Animals To A Vet Sociology Essay

Why You Take Animals To A Vet Sociology Essay When a person gets sick they usually visit the doctor, but when an animal gets sick they cant go to a human doctor, they visit whats called a veterinarian. A variety of animals can visit the vet, from house pets to farm animals to animals in the zoo. Animals that visit the vet are healthier due to the number of vaccines and technology available; though it may be expensive, it does prolong an animals life. Veterinarians are physicians who help diagnose and treat diseases in animals. With continuous checkups, veterinarians can help control and prevent illness and disease in the animal. As stated by pet care, no matter how careful animal owners are, there will be a time when animals need to visit the vet. Though some believe vets can only offer an examination, they actually can do so much more. Vets are capable of spotting certain illnesses before they take full effect through blood test. They can repair joint or ligament, and they even provide professional grooming. Visiting the vet can prolong animals lives with the physicals done, and making sure animals have all their vaccinations. The major benefit for animals that go to the vet is that they are healthy. But the duties of veterinarians just dont stop at making sure animals are healthy. They make sure the meats people eat are healthy by testing the animal for diseases, monitoring the transportation of the animal, and the slaughtering of the now meat. A veterinarian can decide their specialty based off where they grew up at and the location of where their practice is at or will be at. There are three major categories that a veterinarian can specialize in; small, large, and exotic. Small animals are mostly known as the house pets, and they usually go to clinics or private practices. Clinics can be used for the larger animals, but they are mostly used for small animals. Clinics and private practices provide a waiting area, appointments, emergency appointments, and boarding areas. The major difference between a clinic and private practice is that a clinic is run by the government and a private practice is run by one person, the owner. The next specialties for a veterinarian are large animals. These animals tend to be farm animals, like cows, horses, and sheep. The main reason veterinarians do home visits for these types of animals is because of their size, the population they come in because its just not one cow at the farm. Equestri an veterinarians can also fall under this category, they focus in just horses. Those veterinarians tend to focus more on the unique horses, like ones that race or designer breed horses. The last type of animal that a vet can specialize in is exotic animals. These animals tend to be zoo animals; they can be monkeys, iguanas, ferrets or potbellied pigs. Depending on if they are located at the zoo, there will be a special veterinarian located at the zoo that runs their own private practice. Depending on the size of these exotic animals, that are pets to some people; they would go to a specific private practice for exotic animals only. But, if they are large exotic animals, a specific veterinarian would make a special home visit. Though there are three different specialties, there are veterinarians that will run a private practice for all types of animals and make home visits for all types of animals. As most people probably already know, the main reason to visit the vet is to help keep their animal healthy and living longer. Animals do age faster than humans do, so it is very important for animals to visit the vet. Just like humans, as the animals gets older their health does become worse. There are many pros for owners who take their animals to the veterinarian. Not only can an owner take their pet to get a wellness checkup, they can also have grooming done. When owners have their animals groomed, sometimes they take them to places where its not the best job being done. But taking them to the vet can ensure you that there are professionals back there taking care of the grooming process. Another pro that can benefit the owners and anyone else around the animal, is that taking an animal to the vet not only helps them be healthy but help keeps people in contact with the animal healthy too. Diseases can spread from human to pet and even pet to human. Then the fact that some animals are the meat people eat, so it would be a major pro having that meat healthy and disease free. Insurance can really help out with costs of vet bills for the exotic animals, so that is another major pro. Then by visiting the veterinarian, animals receive vaccinations. If an animal gets a disease or illness after receiving that certain vaccination and they recover, then they can become immune to it, which that will protect them for life. A con about visiting the vet of course is the money. Vaccinations, grooming, dentals, and surgeries are not cheap. It can be hard to afford an animal going to the vet monthly. Then another con about going to the vet would be if the veterinarian found something wrong. While performing their checkups there are possibilities of them finding a tumor or another illness. Then it will be expensive to pay for surgeries or medicine necessary for the animal to recover. Of course, the pros outweigh the cons. Having an animals life become longer and healthier is worth the cost sometimes. Visiting the veterinarian is mostly for the animals wellness checkup. A wellness checkup is just checking the animals out and making sure things are normal. The veterinarians evaluate the overall health of the animal and try to detect serious illnesses before they turn into something bad or terminal. Veterinarians check the animals ear for unusual odors; they check the animals teeth too. Then they make sure the lungs are working properly, the heart rate is normal, and then they check the joints of the animals. Checkups for the larger animals are somewhat different than the checkups for smaller animals. Usually when a large animal is having a wellness checkup or physical they are put a sleep with an anesthetic. After the animal is asleep the veterinarian assistants record the rates of the animal, while the vet focuses on the physical part of the examination. Medicine used in veterinary is similar to humans medicine. An animal can catch a simple stomach bug and also have many diseases that are terminal like types of cancers. Though a veterinarian cant help prevent cancer, they can help prevent stomach bugs with the help of vaccinations. A vaccine is a live pathogen or a killed virus that can be injected to help pathogens in the animals body produce antibodies. The antibodies are what help make an animal immune to a certain illness or disease. Veterinarians can perform blood tests which help show how immune an animal is to a certain disease. Animals can only become immune to a certain illness or disease if they catch it and recover from it. Sometimes animals dont recover and then they dont have the antibodies needed to help make them become immune to it. When people think of surgeries being performed by a vet, they think mostly of removals. But vets can perform many more types of surgeries, like neutering and spaying of house pets. Not only does neutering and spaying make an animal infertile, but by doing that it can help prevent certain cancers in the male and fe male reproductive organs. Then it has been proven that it reduces the chance of animals running off. They can declaw animals like house cats or even bears have been declawed. Also, bone and joint repair are major surgeries done to help animals. Sometimes joints become dislocated and the animal needs that surgery to be able to function properly. The last type of surgery that can be done is cosmetic, just like humans an animal can have things changed. Out of all the pros there are for visiting the veterinarian, the fact that just a visit once a month can prolong an animals life majorly. Having animals checked out by professionals with this technology in the 21st century just provides accurate information versus the knowledge of most animal owners. For the worst con, its not really about the cost for most animal lovers. Its about losing an animal, so the worst con for visiting the vet is the chances of the veterinarian finding something terminal with the animal. Obviously animals who visit the veterinarians like they should are healthier than those animals that havent ever been to a veterinarian. Just like humans, animals can leave germs and get germs. The germs can be in the waiting room area or in the back where the vet clinic boards animals. So even though animals visit the veterinarian they still can become unhealthy by catching a disease there at the vet. Veterinarians can do house calls and come personally to the animal. Maki ng those animals the healthiest; due to them not being in contact with the sick and still receiving the proper care by a veterinarian.

Brownie: White American and Octavia Essay

The short story â€Å"Brownies† written by Z. Z. Packer is told in first person by a young introverted African American girl named Laurel, known as â€Å"Snot† to her friends from school. The story reflects back during a summer camp outing at Camp Crescendo that involves a small group of young African American fourth grade girls from the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia. In this story the author provides countless details of how the effects of social segregation and racism can have a negative impact on our children and our entire society. Arnetta, the leader of the Brownie pack disliked sharing the summer camp with the young girls of Troop 909 from day one because they were white. Referring to them as â€Å"Invaders†, because in the suburbs of Atlanta they were rarely seen or even thought about(358). While riding in their bus on their way to the cabin and after they had already passed the Troop 909 girls at the front gate, Arnetta asked, â€Å"Did you smell that? † Trying to make fun of the girls she threw her head up and with her nose pointed to the sky she said they smell like â€Å"wet Chihuahuas†. By the end of the day and with a plan to entice her Brownie troops to start a fight with the Troop 909 girls, Arnetta stated that she heard one of them call Daphne a nigger and that they couldn’t let them get away with that. When asked to confirm that one of the white girls said it, Daphne was hesitant to answer until Arnetta gave her an elbow followed with a mean stair down. Daphne was not the type of girl that would stand up for oneself and was too scared to speak up. Even at their Woodrow Wilson Elementary school, if someone doesn’t fit into their little group or doesn’t land a perfect ten after jumping off the swing at the playground, Arnetta and Octavia would reply using the word â€Å"Caucasian†. This was just another way in belittling other people and displaying that Caucasian race was below that of the African Americans. Octavia was considered to be Arnetta’s right hand woman. Octavia was quick to tell anybody to shut up and readily made fun of even her Brownie troop friends. Janice, the muscle of the group and maybe not the sharpest tool in the shed had a country accent that came along with an bubbly personality was even referred to as â€Å"Miss Caucasian† when she wouldn’t leave Arnetta and Octavia alone. One day during lunch time while Janice was standing alongside the water’s edge, Octavia had the temptation but not necessarily the courage to push her into the water. Octavia even disliked Daphne for beating her out in the school poem contest and even referred to Mrs. Margolin, the Brownie troop chaperone as â€Å"Big Fat Momma†. Once they decided that the bathroom would be where the fight takes place, all they needed was to hope they could catch them their alone without their troop leader. As they walked through the woods on their way to the bathroom Janice spoke out, â€Å"this smells like my mother’s air freshener†, than one of the other girls stated the trees in the woods are Pine trees. Janice was shocked to hear that they could get the smell of trees onto an air freshener. As they approached the bathroom they could hear the Troop 909 girls talking. Arnetta suggested that Octavia, Janice and herself would go in first while the rest of them wait outside. After minutes of waiting outside Elise, Drema, Dephne, and Laurel went inside to see what was happening. Octavia looked over at Elise and said, â€Å"I think they’re retarded†. One of the white girls replied, â€Å"We ARE NOT retarded(366-367)! † Once Arnetta and Octavia came to the realization that these girls were mentally challenged, they felt remorseful from their actions and wished to leave without being caught teasing the white girls. Octavia tried to scare the girls by mentioning to them, that if they told on them they would be considered tattletales. As one of the white girls replied, I like tattletale, the Troop 909 leader walked in. Minutes later both Mrs. Margolin and Mrs. Hayes were at the center of the debate. The lady that ran Troop 909 never got mad or raised her voice and always kept a smile on her face as she talked. She said she wasn’t going to blame anybody for their actions or their behavior and cited that maybe what caused this incident actually could of happened. The troop leader clarified that her girls were not retarded but considered slow learners. That they might not have the best of parents and could of possibly heard a bad word or two from their parents. Even after the situation was over and things had calmed down, Arnetta pointed to a small girl and insisted that she heard her say the word. After the white troop leader made the statement that it was impossible because she doesn’t speak, Arnetta made another acquisition that it then came from the girl wearing the complete Brownie uniform. At that point nobody was believing in Arnetta’s story. On the bus ride home Elisa and Arnetta still felt it necessary to continue to make fun of the white girls from Troop 909. When Daphne gave Laurel her prized journal, Daphne could not think of anything to write in it. Than Laurel remembered a time when she and her father were at the mall and they came across some Mennonites who her father insisted that they would do anything you asked of them. Nobody on the bus besides Daphne believed in her story even after she told them that they had actually painted there front porch. until she told them that they sat on the bus and as they return home on the bus, Laurel tells them of an incident in her family involving a white Mennonite family. As she tells the story, she comes to an unsettling realization about racism and the nature of human life.

Operations Management Synthesis Essay

Product Design The products that will be made out of the given components are corrective lenses for eyeglasses. The product will have the following features: a. Corrects near-sightedness or far-sightedness, whichever may be the case, through varying curvatures of the lenses, for different grades b. May be rectangular or circular in overall shape c. Around 1.5 inches in length, 1 inch in width d. Clear and transparent, not dark Considering that the finished goods (lenses) are very much expensive in relation to the raw materials (marbles), it would be safe to say that much value was added to the raw materials by the process of manufacturing, as a result. Process Design and Layout Given a product with just modules and essentially made from the same base – standard glass lenses, the process could be considered as repetitive-focus. Given the raw materials of only marbles, the illustration above is the process diagram that will be used. In order to clearly explain the diagram, the process involves the following steps: a. Crush marbles b. Melt marbles c. Add chemicals to treat the glass for durability d. Check for proper consistency/ratio of chemicals to glass and impurities e. Transfer defects back to start of production cycle f. Cool the material g. Check for bubbles h. Transfer defects back to start of production cycle i. Roll out the cooling glass j. Shape or cut out into shape (either circular or rectangular) k. Check dimensions (1.5 inches by 1 inch) if correct l. Transfer defects back to start of production cycle m. Curve the lens according to specifications using a curving machine n. Check if curvature specifications are met o. Transfer defects back to start of production cycle p. Final cleaning for any impurities q. Polishing of lenses for a shiny or glossy finish r. Final checking of lenses s. Package the lenses t. Ship the finished goods u. Administer preventive maintenance before next cycle (general cleaning of machines, check for machine irregularities) The layout is done in such a way that in case of defects, the transfer back to the start of the production cycle would be easier. Furthermore, the layout allows for job expansion for the workers due to them handling more than one step in the process. Also, this layout is supposed to minimize the amount of distance from one process to another, as long as these processes follow each other. Quality Management Initially, quality checkpoints are put up right after every crucial process. Meanwhile, the concept of six sigma is also implemented in order to address and eventually minimize them. By using the DMAIC, the following is how defects would be addressed: a. Define defects (For instance, bubbles were found.) b. Measure and collect process data (Identify how many products were defective and how much of the production process was affected.) c. Analyze data (What was the cause of the defect? i.e., inconsistency of chemical-to-glass ratio) d. Improve process (What should be done to prevent it from occurring again? i.e, thoroughly checking for proper consistency/ratio of chemicals to glass and/or hiring experts/more skilled employees) e. Control new process to make sure performance is maintained Location The primary determinant of location would be costs of rent and delivery of raw materials. The factory must be closer to suppliers than customers. If we are to apply clustering, it would also be good to be close to competitors, as it would implicate a technology spill-over. To compare the advantages of the possible different locations and the advantages of each, the center of gravity method is while also determining the most convenient manner of delivering orders. Human Resources The main objective of the human resources department is to make sure that the employees are skilled in glass processing. This is in order to troubleshoot properly and detect any defects in the product itself. Since the process is repetitive-focus, the qualifications of the workers are not as high as the qualifications needed for a process-focus design but still higher than that of the product focus. Salaries would be a bit higher than the minimum wage. Furthermore, the following factors shall be observed: a. The criteria on determining which Individual should be assigned to a station must be based on their skills, talents, and strengths (i.e, hiring field experts for checking for defective products and hiring capable persons for cleaning, packaging, and preparing for shipping). b. Employee empowerment should be considered through incentive systems (i.e, offering incentives to employees based on their needs, for instance, car loan for managers while food/transportation bonuses for the laborers). c. Employee empowerment through job expansion (i.e, enriching/enlarging the scope of the jobs, for instance, 1-2 employees assigned for all checkpoints instead of having 1 per checkpoint). Supply Chain Management .The primary suppliers should easily be accessible since raw material orders will only be issued upon demand. There must be a strong relationship that would be built with primary suppliers in order to eventually avail of discounts and a higher assurance of good quality. There should always be backup suppliers in case the main supplier fails to deliver. Other suppliers would include actual glass manufacturers in case of the lack of materials from primary sources. Inventory Management In order to maximize resources and keep inventory holding costs at a minimum, we will employ the Just-In-Time method for managing inventory. Furthermore, we will order only when we need to produce; thereby not falling into the trap of availing of quantity discounts which sometimes incur more expenses in the long run. As a result, to further reduce inventory costs, finished goods could be shipped out of the plant as soon as possible. Scheduling All orders will be taken and processed in a uniform manner. Orders may be changed in specifications only until the preliminary process of producing the modular standard glass lens is concluded, meaning that once the process of curving the lenses, which is the process where the orders differ, the orders cannot be changed anymore. Regularly, orders will be processed and queued regularly, preferably every day, Maintenance Preventive maintenance is done every after cycle, which involves the standard operating procedure of cleaning the machines. When factory is not scheduled for production, a more general preventive maintenance is undertaken to ensure smooth operations during the scheduled productions by increasing the reliability of the machines.

Racism Is Still Very Much Alive - 1573 Words

Khanh Ngo Ms. Puckerine World History 2 Today, racism still remains a prevalent issue that has constantly reared its ugly head. While bringing awareness towards racism has improved, we are still being faced with a gruesome reality that racism is still very much alive. Instead of Jim Crow laws and slavery, racism has transformed itself into microaggressions, police brutality, racial profiling, and mass incarceration of people of color (especially black men). When one talks about racism, most of our opinions are based on what happens in America; from 400 years ago until now, we find ourselves believing that racism in America has improved greatly. And we have improved, compared to the times before and after the Civil War. However, as we progress forward, we move back fifty years. Some of us in society refuse to acknowledge the arising problems that have to do with racism while others become apart of the problem. As a society, we are taught about white culture, eurocentric beauty standards, and brought up with subconscious rac ist mindsets that will take a lifetime to unlearn, and have for centuries, kept people of color oppressed. We are brought up with subtelities of racism, such as a child seeing their white mom lock the car door in fear when a black person walks past, or seeing their white dad make a disgusted look at a hispanic for no reason at all. It is things like this that are ingrained in our brains; racial stereotypes that we cannot help but think about each race.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Black Like Me and Crash965 Words   |  4 Pagestime. Now, much time has passed and many people say the days of racism are over. That is a completely untrue statement. The movie Crash depicts modern day racism and shows how prevalent it really is in today’s society. Both of these works can relate to one another in many ways and really show how racism truly is. 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